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  China has a vast territory and many dialects. The "Law of the People's Republic of China on the National Standard Spoken and Written Language" promulgated on October 31, 2000 determined that Mandarin Chinese is the national common language. In the process of development, Han Chinese society experienced different degrees of differentiation and unification, which resulted in the gradual emergence of dialects in the Chinese language.

  The factors that form dialects can be roughly divided into the following two parts:

  • Social, historical, geographical and other factors, such as long-term small-scale peasant economy, social divisions, population migration, mountain and river barriers, etc.;
  • The factors of the language itself, such as the imbalance of language development, the mutual conflict and mutual influence between different languages, etc.

 According to the 2019 "Overview of Chinese Language and Characters" by the Ministry of Education, Chinese dialects are usually divided into ten major dialects: Mandarin dialect, Jin dialect, Wu dialect, Min dialect, Hakka dialect, Cantonese dialect, Hunan dialect, Gan dialect, Huizhou dialect Dialect, Pinghua dialect. There are several sub-dialects and many kinds of "dialects" distributed in each dialect area. Among them, the Mandarin dialects with the largest number of speakers can be divided into eight sub-dialects: Northeast Mandarin, Beijing Mandarin, Hebei-Shandong Mandarin, Jiaoliao Mandarin, Zhongyuan Mandarin, Lanyin Mandarin, Jianghuai Mandarin, and Southwest Mandarin.

  CnOpenData summarized and compiled two versions of regional dialect information tables and a regional minority dialect information table based on the 1986 and 2012 editions of the "Chinese Language Atlas". In addition to provinces, cities and counties, and dialect subdivision levels, it also Added identification of district and county longitude and latitude. Provide comprehensive data resources for related research


Time interval

According to the version of the Chinese Language Atlas, it is divided into the 1986 version and the 2012 version


Field display

Regional Dialect Information Table-1986 Edition Regional Dialect Information Table-2012 Edition Information table of ethnic minority dialects in various regions-1986 edition
Province Province Province
Municipal level Municipal level Municipal level
District and County District and County District and County
District and county longitude District and county longitude District and county longitude
District and county latitude District and county latitude District and county latitude
Dialect categories Town streets Dialect categories
Shard area Dialect categories Shard area
Divided into small areas Shard area Divided into small areas
Divided into small areas Small area subdivision level
Small area subdivision level 2

Sample data

Regional Dialect Information Table-1986 Edition

Province Municipality District and County District and county longitude District and county latitude Dialect categories Shard area Divided into small areas
Liaoning Province Shenyang City Peace Zone 123.4266 41.7952 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Shenyang City Shenhe District 123.4655 41.8023 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Shenyang City Great Eastern District 123.4764 41.8114 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Shenyang City Huanggu District 123.4316 41.826 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Shenyang City Tiexi District 123.3834 41.809 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Shenyang City Sujiatun District 123.3504 41.6713 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Shenyang City Hunnan District 123.456 41.7209 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Shenyang City Shenbei New District 123.5908 41.9199 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Shenyang City Yuhong District 123.3146 41.7997 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Shenyang City Liaozhong County 122.7724 41.5231 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Shenyang City Kangping County 123.3375 42.7499 Northeast Mandarin Hafu film Changjin Small Film
Liaoning Province Shenyang City Faku County 123.4146 42.5096 Northeast Mandarin Hafu film Changjin Small Film
Liaoning Province Shenyang City Xinmin City 122.8425 41.9915 Northeast Mandarin Hafu film Changjin Small Film
Liaoning Province Dalian City Zhongshan District 121.6515 38.9245 Jiao Liao Mandarin Advertisement film
Liaoning Province Dalian City Xigang District 121.6186 38.9205 Jiao Liao Mandarin Advertisement film
Liaoning Province Dalian City Shahekou District 121.5945 38.9135 Jiao Liao Mandarin Advertisement film
Liaoning Province Dalian City Ganjingzi District 121.5315 38.958 Jiao Liao Mandarin Advertisement film
Liaoning Province Dalian City Lushunkou District 121.2686 38.8568 Jiao Liao Mandarin Advertisement film
Liaoning Province Dalian City Jinzhou District 121.7894 39.0564 Jiao Liao Mandarin Advertisement film
Liaoning Province Dalian City Changhai County 122.5946 39.2783 Jiao Liao Mandarin Advertisement film
Liaoning Province Dalian City Wafangdian City 121.9856 39.6327 Jiao Liao Mandarin Advertisement film
Liaoning Province Dalian City Pulandian City 121.9465 39.3981 Jiao Liao Mandarin Advertisement film
Liaoning Province Dalian City Zhuanghe City 122.9745 39.687 Jiao Liao Mandarin Advertisement film
Liaoning Province Anshan City Tiedong District 122.9974 41.0963 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Anshan City Tiexi District 122.9755 41.1255 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Anshan City Tateshan District 123.0355 41.1561 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Anshan City Qianshan District 122.9676 41.0809 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Anshan City Taian County 122.4426 41.4186 Northeast Mandarin Hafu film Changjin Small Film
Liaoning Province Anshan City Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County 123.2875 40.2959 Jiao Liao Mandarin Gai Huan piece
Liaoning Province Anshan City Haicheng City 122.6916 40.8876 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Fushun City Xinfu District 123.9196 41.8678 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Fushun City Dongzhou District 124.0455 41.8592 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Fushun City Wanghua District 123.7906 41.859 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Fushun City Shuncheng District 123.9514 41.8892 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Fushun City Fushun County 123.9216 41.887 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Fushun City Xinbin Manchu Autonomous County 125.0464 41.74 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Fushun City Qingyuan Manchu Autonomous County 124.9304 42.1068 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Benxi City Pingshan District 123.7746 41.3016 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Benxi City Xihu District 123.7746 41.3348 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film
Liaoning Province Benxi City Mingshan District 123.8235 41.3149 Northeast Mandarin Ji Shen film Tongxi Film

Regional Dialect Information Table-2012 Edition

Province Municipality District and County District and county longitude District and county latitude Town Streets Dialect categories Shard area Divided into small areas
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaobeidian City 115.876045 39.336608 Xinghua Road Subdistrict Office Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaobeidian City 115.852637 39.364701 Juncheng Subdistrict Office Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaobeidian City 116.040934 39.265088 Beicheng Subdistrict Office Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaobeidian City 116.040934 39.265088 Heping Street Office Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaobeidian City 116.137321 39.179467 Zhangliuzhuang Township Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaobeidian City 115.994961 39.250206 New Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaobeidian City 115.998199 39.330388 Fangguan Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaobeidian City 115.958118 39.270297 Liangjiaying Township Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaobeidian City 116.05746 39.187481 Sizhuang Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaobeidian City 116.049796 39.329777 Xiaoguanying Township Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaobeidian City 116.092496 39.276349 Xinqiao Township Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaobeidian City 116.177392 39.294026 Xinlizhuang Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaoyang County 115.838442 38.673021 Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaoyang County 115.884259 38.695594 Xiaowang Guozhuang Township Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaoyang County 115.956144 38.652309 Pangkou Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaoyang County 115.885746 38.561718 Pangjia Zuo Township Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaoyang County 115.838442 38.673021 Jinzhuang Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaoyang County 115.812442 38.730154 Pukou Township Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaoyang County 115.88649 38.609939 Xiyan Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaoyang County 115.838442 38.673021 Xingjia South Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaoyang County 115.772062 38.687905 Gaoyang Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Baoding City Gaoyang County 115.935639 38.731062 Longhua Township Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Langfang City Dacheng County 116.588639 38.668803 Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Langfang City Dacheng County 116.403277 38.647067 Beiwei Township Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Langfang City Dacheng County 116.716155 38.691197 Nan Zhaofuzhen Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Langfang City Dacheng County 116.505479 38.692773 Dashangtun Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Langfang City Dacheng County 116.64688 38.700582 Pingshu Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Langfang City Dacheng County 116.588639 38.668803 Guang'an Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Langfang City Dacheng County 116.686131 38.807487 Wangcun Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Langfang City Dacheng County 116.537146 38.5711 Quancun Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Langfang City Dacheng County 116.51795 38.569301 Liu Gezhuang Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Langfang City Dacheng County 116.63027 38.631378 Zangtun Township Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Langfang City Dacheng County 116.601583 38.51699 Litan Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Langfang City Wen'an County 116.494817 38.91139 Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Langfang City Wen'an County 116.246161 38.896673 Xinglong Palace Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Langfang City Wen'an County 116.328904 38.952208 Shigezhuang Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Langfang City Wen'an County 116.407178 38.941321 Daweihe Hui and Manchu Township Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Langfang City Wen'an County 116.553464 38.967969 Daliuhe Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Langfang City Wen'an County 116.33961 38.855828 Daliu Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film
Hebei Province Langfang City Wen'an County 116.499983 38.769965 Sunshi Town Jilu Mandarin Baotang film Dingba short film

Information table of ethnic minority dialects in various regions - 1986 edition

Province Municipality District and County District and county longitude District and county latitude Dialect categories Shard area Divided into small areas Small area subdivision level Small area subdivision level 2
Yunnan Province Pu'er City Jiangcheng Hani and Yi Autonomous County 101.8685 22.5917 Tibeto-Burman language family Hani language
Yunnan Province Pu'er City Jingdong Yi Autonomous County 100.8385 24.4519 Zhuang-Dong language family Dai branch Dai language
Yunnan Province Pu'er City Jingdong Yi Autonomous County 100.8385 24.4519 Tibeto-Burman language family Yi
Yunnan Province Pu'er City Jinggu Dai and Yi Autonomous County 100.7095 23.5032 Zhuang-Dong language family Dai branch Dai language
Yunnan Province Pu'er City Lancang Lahu Autonomous County 99.9386 22.5618 Tibeto-Burman language family Lahu language
Yunnan Province Pu'er City Menglian Dai Lahu and Wa Autonomous County 99.591 22.3353 Zhuang-Dong language family Dai branch Dai language
Yunnan Province Pu'er City Zhenyuan Yi, Hani and Lahu Autonomous County 101.1156 24.0103 Zhuang-Dong language family Dai branch Dai language
Yunnan Province Pu'er City Zhenyuan Yi, Hani and Lahu Autonomous County 101.1156 24.0103 Zhuang-Dong language family Dai branch Dai language
Yunnan Province Qujing City Luoping County 104.3155 24.8905 Miao-Yao language group Hmong Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan dialect Sichuan-Guizhou-Dian dialect First dialect
Yunnan Province Qujing City Malong County 103.5854 25.434 Miao-Yao language group Hmong Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan dialect Sichuan-Guizhou-Dian dialect Northeast Yunnan subdialect
Yunnan Province Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Funing County 105.6375 23.6314 Zhuang-Dong language family Dai branch Zhuang language
Yunnan Province Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Funing County 105.6375 23.6314 Miao-Yao language group Yao language
Yunnan Province Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Guangnan County 105.0616 24.0522 Miao-Yao language group Yao language
Yunnan Province Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Guangnan County 105.0616 24.0522 Zhuang-Dong language family Dai branch Zhuang language
Yunnan Province Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Guangnan County 105.0616 24.0522 Miao-Yao language group Hmong
Yunnan Province Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Malipo County 104.7095 23.1316 Miao-Yao language group Yao language
Yunnan Province Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Malipo County 104.7095 23.1316 Miao-Yao language group Hmong Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan dialect Sichuan-Guizhou-Dian dialect First dialect
Yunnan Province Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Maguan County 104.4004 23.019 Zhuang-Dong language family Dai branch Zhuang language
Yunnan Province Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Maguan County 104.4004 23.019 Miao-Yao language group Hmong Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan dialect Sichuan-Guizhou-Dian dialect First dialect
Yunnan Province Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Qiubei County 104.1734 24.057 Miao-Yao language group Yao language
Yunnan Province Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Qiubei County 104.1734 24.057 Zhuang-Dong language family Dai branch Zhuang language
Yunnan Province Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Qiubei County 104.1734 24.057 Tibeto-Burman language family Yi
Yunnan Province Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Wenshan City 104.2385 23.3919 Zhuang-Dong language family Dai branch Zhuang language
Yunnan Province Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Xichou County 104.6785 23.4433 Zhuang-Dong language family Dai branch Zhuang language
Yunnan Province Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Yanshan County 104.3436 23.6115 Tibeto-Burman language family Yi
Yunnan Province Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture Yanshan County 104.3436 23.6115 Zhuang-Dong language family Dai branch Zhuang language
Yunnan Province Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture Jinghong City 100.8064 22.017 Zhuang-Dong language family Dai branch Dai language
Yunnan Province Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture Menghai County 100.4594 21.9634 Zhuang-Dong language family Dai branch Dai language
Yunnan Province Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture Menghai County 100.4594 21.9634 Tibeto-Burman language family Hani language
Yunnan Province Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture Mengla County 101.5715 21.4653 Zhuang-Dong language family Dai branch Dai language
Yunnan Province Yuxi City Yuanjiang Hani, Yi and Dai Autonomous County 102.0044 23.603 Zhuang-Dong language family Dai branch Dai language
Yunnan Province Zhaotong City Ludian County 103.5644 27.1931 Tibeto-Burman language family Yi
Yunnan Province Zhaotong City Qiaojia County 102.9365 26.9147 Tibeto-Burman language family Yi
Yunnan Province Zhaotong City Weixin County 105.0556 27.8525 Miao-Yao language group Hmong Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan dialect Sichuan-Guizhou-Dian dialect First dialect
Yunnan Province Zhaotong City Yanjin County 104.2416 28.1144 Miao-Yao language group Hmong Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan dialect Sichuan-Guizhou-Dian dialect First dialect
Yunnan Province Zhaotong City Yongshan County 103.6446 28.2347 Tibeto-Burman language family Yi
Yunnan Province Zhaotong City Yongshan County 103.6446 28.2347 Miao-Yao language group Hmong Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan dialect Northeast Yunnan subdialect
Yunnan Province Zhaotong City Yongshan County 103.6446 28.2347 Miao-Yao language group Hmong
Yunnan Province Zhaotong City Zhaoyang District 103.7135 27.3261 Tibeto-Burman language family Yi
Yunnan Province Zhaotong City Zhenxiong County 104.8804 27.4478 Miao-Yao language group Hmong Sichuan-Guizhou-Yunnan dialect Sichuan-Guizhou-Dian dialect First dialect

Related literature

  • Jiang Wei, Zhou Quan, Xiang Shuting, Li Xitao, 2021: "Dialect Diversity, Teamwork and Chinese Enterprises Exports", "World Economy" Issue 4.
  • Pan Yue, Xiao Jinli, Dai Yiyi, 2017: "Cultural Diversity and Corporate Innovation: Research from a Dialect Perspective", "Financial Research" Issue 10.
  • Lin Jianhao, Zhao Zile, 2017: "Invisible Barriers to Balanced Development: Dialect, Institutions and Technology Diffusion", "Economic Research" Issue 9.
  • Liu Yuyun, Dai Tianshi, Xu Xianxiang, 2017: "Chinese Dialects, Market Segmentation and Resource Misallocation", "Economics (Quarterly)" Issue 4.
  • Dai Yiyi, Xiao Jinli, Pan Yue, 2016: "Can "Xiangyin" reduce company agency costs? - Research based on dialect perspective", "Economic Research" Issue 12.
  • Ding Congming, Ji Zhenlin, Lei Yu, and Liang Zhenqiao, 2016: "Dialect Diversity and Market Integration: A Perspective Based on the Urban Circle", "Economic Research" Issue 11.

Data update frequency

Updated from time to time

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