"Leader" refers to the most powerful political figure in each country at each point in time, such as the head of state (usually with the title of president), the head of government (usually with the title of president), or possibly a third person.
The data of political leaders in different countries around the world launched by CnOpenData contains information on leaders of 188 countries/regions from 1875 to 2015, covering fields such as when the leaders came to power and when they left office, in order to facilitate related research.
Time interval
1875-2015
Field display
< td>yrdied| Data field table of political leaders in different countries around the world |
|---|
| obsid |
| leadid |
| ccode |
| idacr |
| leader |
| startdate |
| enddate |
| entry |
| exit |
| exitcode |
| prevtimesinoffice |
| posttenurefate |
| gender |
| yrborn |
| borndate |
| deathdate |
| dbpedia.uri |
| num.entry |
| num.exit |
| num.exitcode |
| num.posttenurefate |
| fties |
| ftcur |
Sample data
| obsid | leadid | ccode | idacr | leader | startdate | enddate | entry | exit | exitcode | prevtimesinoffice | posttenurefate | gender | yrborn | yrdied | borndate | deathdate | dbpedia.uri | num.entry | num.exit | num. exitcode | num.posttenurefate | fties | ftcur |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| USA-1869 | 81dcc176-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Grant | 1869-03-04 | 1877-03-04 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1822 | 1885 | NA | 1885-07-23 | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ulysses_S._Grant | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| USA-1877 | 81dcc177-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Hayes | 1877-03-04 | 1881-03-04 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1822 | 1893 | NA | 1893-01-17 | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Rutherford_B._Hayes | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| USA-1881-1 | 81dcf24a-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Garfield | 1881-03-04 | 1881-09-19 | Regular | Irregular | Assassination by Unsupported Individual | 0 | Death | M | 1831 | 1881 | NA | 1881-09-19 | http://dbpedia.org/resource/James_A._Garfield | 0 | 3 | 11 | 3 | NA | NA |
| USA-1881-2 | 81dcf24b-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Arthur | 1881-09-19 | 1885-03-04 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1829 | 1886 | NA | 1886-11-18 | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Chester_A._Arthur | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| USA-1885 | 34fb1558-3bbd-11e5-afeb-eb6f07f9fec7 | 2 | USA | Cleveland | 1885-03-04 | 1889-03-04 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1837 | 1908 | NA | 1908/6/24 | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Grover_Cleveland | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| USA-1889 | 81dcf24d-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Harrison | 1889-03-04 | 1893-03-04 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1833 | 1901 | NA | 1901/3/13 | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Benjamin_Harrison | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| USA-1893 | 34fb1558-3bbd-11e5-afeb-eb6f07f9fec7 | 2 | USA | Cleveland | 1893-03-04 | 1897-03-04 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 1 | OK | M | 1837 | 1908 | NA | 1908/6/24 | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Grover_Cleveland | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| USA-1897 | 81dcf24e-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | McKinley | 1897-03-04 | 1901/9/14 | Regular | Irregular | Assassination by Unsupported Individual | 0 | Death | M | 1843 | 1901 | NA | 1901/9/14 | http://dbpedia.org/resource/William_McKinley | 0 | 3 | 11 | 3 | NA | NA |
| USA-1901 | 81dd231e-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Roosevelt, T. | 1901/9/14 | 1909/3/4 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1858 | 1919 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Theodore_Roosevelt | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Uncle (distant) of Roosevelt, F.%81dd53f3-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 0 |
| USA-1909 | 81dd231f-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Taft | 1909/3/4 | 1913/3/4 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1857 | 1930 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/William_Howard_Taft | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| USA-1913 | 81dd2320-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Wilson | 1913/3/4 | 1921/3/4 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1856 | 1924 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Woodrow_Wilson | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| USA-1921 | 81dd2321-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Harding | 1921/3/4 | 1923/8/3 | Regular | Natural Death | Regular | 0 | Missing: Natural Death within Six Months of Losing Office | M | 1865 | 1923 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Warren_G._Harding | 0 | 2 | 0 | -777 | NA | NA |
| USA-1923 | 81dd2322-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Coolidge | 1923/8/3 | 1929/3/4 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1872 | 1933 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Calvin_Coolidge | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| USA-1929 | 81dd53f2-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Hoover | 1929/3/4 | 1933/3/4 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1874 | 1964 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Herbert_Hoover | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| USA-1933 | 81dd53f3-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Roosevelt, F. | 1933/3/4 | 1945/4/12 | Regular | Natural Death | Regular | 0 | Missing: Natural Death within Six Months of Losing Office | M | 1882 | 1945 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Franklin_D._Roosevelt | 0 | 2 | 0 | -777 | Nephew (distant) of Roosevelt, T.%81dd231e-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 1 |
| USA-1945 | 81dd53f4-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Truman | 1945/4/12 | 1953/1/20 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1884 | 1972 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Harry_S._Truman | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| USA-1953 | 81dd53f5-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Eisenhower | 1953/1/20 | 1961/1/20 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1890 | 1969 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Dwight_D._Eisenhower | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| USA-1961 | 81dd53f6-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Kennedy | 1961/1/20 | 1963/11/22 | Regular | Irregular | Assassination by Unsupported Individual | 0 | Death | M | 1917 | 1963 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/John_F._Kennedy | 0 | 3 | 11 | 3 | NA | NA |
| USA-1963 | 81dd84c6-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Johnson | 1963/11/22 | 1969/1/20 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1908 | 1973 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lyndon_B._Johnson | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| USA-1969 | 81dd84c7-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Nixon | 1969/1/20 | 1974/8/9 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1913 | 1994 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Richard_Nixon | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| USA-1974 | 81dd84c8-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Ford | 1974/8/9 | 1977/1/20 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1913 | 2006 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Gerald_Ford | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| USA-1977 | 81dd84c9-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Carter | 1977/1/20 | 1981/1/20 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1924 | -777 | NA | NA | NA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| USA-1981 | 81dd84ca-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Reagan | 1981/1/20 | 1989/1/20 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1911 | 2004 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Ronald_Reagan | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| USA-1989 | 81ddb59a-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | G.H.W. Bush | 1989/1/20 | 1993/1/20 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1924 | -777 | NA | NA | NA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Father of G.W. Bush%81ddb59c-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 0 |
| USA-1993 | 81ddb59b-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Clinton | 1993/1/20 | 2001/1/20 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1946 | -777 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Bill_Clinton | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| USA-2001 | 81ddb59c-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | G.W. Bush | 2001/1/21 | 2009/1/20 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1946 | -777 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/George_W._Bush | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Son of G.H.W. Bush%81ddb59a-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 1 |
| USA-2009 | 824fc72f-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 2 | USA | Obama | 2009/1/20 | 2015/12/31 | Regular | Still in Office | Still in Office | 0 | Leader Still in Office | M | 1961 | -777 | 1961/8/4 | NA | NA | 0 | -888 | -888 | -888 | NA | NA |
| CAN-1873 | 81ddb59d-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | Mackenzie | 1873-11-07 | 1878-10-17 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1822 | 1892 | NA | 1892-04-17 | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Alexander_Mackenzie | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| CAN-1878 | 197110a8-3bbd-11e5-afeb-eb6f07f9fec7 | 20 | CAN | Macdonald | 1878-10-17 | 1891-06-06 | Regular | Natural Death | Regular | 1 | Missing: Natural Death within Six Months of Losing Office | M | 1815 | 1891 | NA | 1891-06-06 | http://dbpedia.org/resource/John_A._Macdonald | 0 | 2 | 0 | -777 | NA | NA |
| CAN-1891 | 81ddb59e-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | Abbott | 1891-06-16 | 1892-12-05 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1821 | 1893 | NA | 1893-10-30 | http://dbpedia.org/resource/John_Abbott | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| CAN-1892 | 81dde678-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | Thompson | 1892-12-05 | 1894-12-12 | Regular | Natural Death | Regular | 0 | Missing: Natural Death within Six Months of Losing Office | M | 1845 | 1894 | NA | NA | NA | 0 | 2 | 0 | -777 | NA | NA |
| CAN-1894 | 81dde679-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | Bowell | 1894-12-21 | 1896-05-01 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1823 | 1917 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Mackenzie_Bowell | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| CAN-1896-1 | 81de174c-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | Tupper | 1896-05-01 | 1896-07-11 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1821 | 1915 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Charles_Tupper | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| CAN-1896-2 | 81de4820-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | Laurier | 1896-07-11 | 1911/10/10 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1841 | 1919 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Wilfrid_Laurier | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| CAN-1911 | 81de4821-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | Borden | 1911/10/10 | 1920/6/10 | Regular | Retired Due to Ill Health | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1854 | 1937 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Robert_Borden | 0 | 2.1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| CAN-1920 | 81de4822-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | Meighen | 1920/7/10 | 1921/12/29 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1874 | 1960 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Arthur_Meighen | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| CAN-1921 | 81de4823-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | King | 1921/12/29 | 1926/6/28 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1874 | 1951 | NA | NA | NA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Father of Ramon Baez%81e1556e-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 1 |
| CAN-1926-1 | 81de4822-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | Meighen | 1926/6/29 | 1926/9/25 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 1 | OK | M | 1874 | 1960 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Arthur_Meighen | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| CAN-1926-2 | 81de4823-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | King | 1926/9/25 | 1930/8/7 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 1 | OK | M | 1874 | 1951 | NA | NA | NA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Father of Ramon Baez%81e1556e-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 1 |
| CAN-1930 | 81de4824-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | Bennett | 1930/8/7 | 1935/10/23 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1870 | 1947 | NA | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/R._B._Bennett | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| CAN-1935 | 81de4823-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | King | 1935/10/23 | 1948/11/15 | Regular | Retired Due to Ill Health | Regular | 2 | OK | M | 1874 | 1951 | NA | NA | NA | 0 | 2.1 | 0 | 0 | Father of Ramon Baez%81e1556e-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 1 |
| CAN-1948 | 81de78f4-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | St. Laurent | 1948/11/15 | 1957/6/21 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1882 | 1973 | 1882-02-01 | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Louis_St._Laurent | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| CAN-1957 | 81de78f5-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | Diefenbaker | 1957/6/21 | 1963/4/22 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1895 | 1979 | 1895-09-18 | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/John_Diefenbaker | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| CAN-1963 | 81de78f6-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | Pearson | 1963/4/22 | 1968/4/20 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1897 | 1972 | 1897-04-23 | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Lester_B._Pearson | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| CAN-1968 | 81de78f7-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | Pierre Trudeau | 1968/4/20 | 1979/6/4 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1919 | 2000 | 1919/10/18 | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Pierre_Trudeau | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Father of Justin Trudeau%0edc7676-df39-11e5-ba44-bb6d7c1a9a58 | 0 |
| CAN-1979 | 81de78f8-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | Clark | 1979/6/4 | 1980/3/3 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1939 | -777 | 1939/6/5 | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Joe_Clark | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| CAN-1980 | 81de78f7-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | Pierre Trudeau | 1980/3/3 | 1984/6/30 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 1 | OK | M | 1919 | 2000 | 1919/10/18 | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Pierre_Trudeau | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | Father of Justin Trudeau%0edc7676-df39-11e5-ba44-bb6d7c1a9a58 | 0 |
| CAN-1984-1 | 81de78f9-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | Turner | 1984/6/30 | 1984/9/17 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1929 | -777 | 1929/6/7 | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/John_Turner | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
| CAN-1984-2 | 81dea9c8-1e42-11e4-b4cd-db5882bf8def | 20 | CAN | Mulroney | 1984/9/17 | 1993/6/25 | Regular | Regular | Regular | 0 | OK | M | 1939 | -777 | 1939/3/20 | NA | http://dbpedia.org/resource/Brian_Mulroney | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | NA | NA |
Related Literature
- Jones, Benjamin F., and Benjamin A. Olken. 2009. “Hit or Miss? The Effect of Assassinations on Institutions and War”. American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 1(2): 55–87.
Data Update Frequency
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